Modelling the time‐dependent behaviour of granular material with hypoplasticity          下载免费PDF全文

Shun Wang  Wei Wu  Zhen‐Yu Yin  Chong Peng  Xuzhen He 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2018,42(12):1331-1345

This paper presents a constitutive model for time‐dependent behaviour of granular material. The model consists of 2 parts representing the inviscid and viscous behaviour of granular materials. The inviscid part is a rate‐independent hypoplastic constitutive model. The viscous part is represented by a rheological model, which contains a high‐order term denoting the strain acceleration. The proposed model is validated by simulating some element tests on granular soils. Our model is able to model not only the non‐isotach behaviour but also the 3 creep stages, namely, primary, secondary, and tertiary creep, in a unified way.  相似文献   

Development and Re‐Evaluation of Tourmaline Reference Materials for In Situ Measurement of Boron δ Values by Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry     

Katharina Marger  Matthieu Harlaux  Andrea Rielli  Lukas P. Baumgartner  Andrea Dini  Barbara L. Dutrow  Anne‐Sophie Bouvier 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2020,44(3):593-615

Six tourmaline samples were investigated as potential reference materials (RMs) for boron isotope measurement by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). The tourmaline samples are chemically homogeneous and cover a compositional range of tourmaline supergroup minerals (primarily Fe, Mg and Li end‐members). Additionally, they have homogeneous boron delta values with intermediate precision values during SIMS analyses of less than 0.6‰ (2s). These samples were compared with four established tourmaline RMs, that is, schorl IAEA‐B‐4 and three Harvard tourmalines (schorl HS#112566, dravite HS#108796 and elbaite HS#98144). They were re‐evaluated for their major element and boron delta values using the same measurement procedure as the new tourmaline samples investigated. A discrepancy of about 1.5‰ in δ¹¹B was found between the previously published reference values for established RMs and the values determined in this study. Significant instrumental mass fractionation (IMF) of up to 8‰ in δ¹¹B was observed for schorl–dravite–elbaite solid solutions during SIMS analysis. Using the new reference values determined in this study, the IMF of the ten tourmaline samples can be modelled by a linear combination of the chemical parameters FeO + MnO, SiO₂ and F. The new tourmaline RMs, together with the four established RMs, extend the boron isotope analysis of tourmaline towards the Mg‐ and Al‐rich compositional range. Consequently, the in situ boron isotope ratio of many natural tourmalines can now be determined with an uncertainty of less than 0.8‰ (2s).  相似文献   

临震前地壳变形不动点现象与机制研究     

牛安福  张凌空  章静  李媛  赵静  闫伟  岳冲  苑争一 《大地测量与地球动力学》2020,40(1):1-6

在综合分析国内外地形变前兆研究现状的基础上,结合汶川8.0级地震前GPS、应变、重力等研究结果,提出临震前震源区域可能出现变形不动点现象。地壳变形过程中的不动点现象是临震前区域应力场进入临界状态的重要标志,是地震潜在危险区域划定的重要依据。借助不动点理论,给出汶川地震前变形不动点集合的演化,结合大区域地震活动空区与远场显著形变异常分布,探讨变形不动点现象发生的动力学背景,验证了汶川地震前地壳变形的不动点现象是大区域应力场有序运动的结果。  相似文献   

九寨沟Ms7.0地震的同震形变场误差研究及断层滑动分布反演     

庄春晓  王仕祥  王仲想 《测绘与空间地理信息》2020,(3):211-214,224

北京时间2017年8月8日四川省九寨沟发生Ms7.0级地震。为了提高断层滑动分布反演的可靠性,本文利用升降轨InSAR数据联合反演断层滑动分布,再根据模拟形变值二次反演,对比反演结果来探讨升降轨形变场误差和确定断层滑动分布的结果。结果表明,九寨沟升轨同震形变场的质量较好,降轨形变场受余震、震后粘弹性松弛效应影响明显,利用模拟形变值二次反演确定的断层滑动分布可靠性更高。  相似文献   

铁路路基粗粒土填料临界动应力试验研究     

王康宇  庄妍  耿雪玉 《岩土力学》2020,41(6):1865-1873

粗粒土填料被广泛应用于铁路基床填料中，直接承受轨道结构传递的列车动循环荷载的长期作用，研究其在列车动荷载作用下的动力行为特征及塑性变形特性可为路基状态评估、沉降控制提供思路。采用GDS动三轴试验系统对铁路基床表层的粗粒土填料动力响应开展研究，通过引入塑性应变率和安定理论，将不同频率、围压、循环动应力比等条件下路基填料的轴向塑性应变的发展规律划分为塑性安定、塑性蠕变和增量塑性破坏3种类型，并确定了塑性安定和塑性蠕变状态的临界动应力水平。研究表明：粗粒土填料的临界循环应力比随着围压的增大而增大，随着荷载频率的增加而减小。通过对试验结果的拟合分析，提出了以围压为变量的临界动应力经验公式，为合理评估列车荷载作用下路基任意深度的动力稳定提供了理论依据。  相似文献   

PBO钻孔应变同震响应分析     

陈燚飞  吕品姬 《大地测量与地球动力学》2019,39(7):765-770

以2017-09-08墨西哥8.1 级地震为例，分析14个PBO综合钻孔应变仪和地震仪同址记录的地震波信号，结果表明，应变仪记录的地震波符合射线传播规律。对不同震中距的站点进行基于S变换的应变仪与地震仪的同震响应特征分析，二者同震响应一致性较好，应变仪频段主要在0.25 Hz以下。取震后1 h应变数据进行分析发现，同震阶段应变主方向指向震中。  相似文献   

基于MS60的BIM放样与施工结果精度分析     

邓明镜  冉东  杨忠轩  黄恒  李昌义 《测绘通报》2019,(3):145-147,162

随着各种异形建筑的不断出现，传统施工放样方法及检测技术已不能完全满足施工要求，因此需要引进新的施工放样及检测技术。本文结合重庆仙桃数据谷金融大楼项目，运用MS60的BIM放样与三维激光扫描技术，探究其在异形建筑施工放样及结果检测中的高效性、可靠性。在施工放样过程中，首先通过在BIM模型上选取放样点，利用MS60全站扫描仪自动搜索与追踪，简化施工放样流程；然后运用BIM模型与点云数据相结合的表面偏差分析对施工结果进行高精度分析，从而为后续施工提供参考。  相似文献   

Thermo-hydro-mechanical modeling of unsaturated soils using isogeometric analysis: Model development and application to strain localization simulation     

Shahriar Shahrokhabadi  Toan Duc Cao  Farshid Vahedifard 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2020,44(2):261-292

This study presents a thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) model of unsaturated soils using isogeometric analysis (IGA). The framework employs Bézier extraction to connect IGA to the conventional finite element analysis (FEA), featuring the current study as one of the first attempts to develop an IGA-FEA framework for solving THM problems in unsaturated soils. IGA offers higher levels of interelement continuity making it an attractive method for solving highly nonlinear problems. The governing equations of linear momentum, mass, and energy balance are coupled based on the averaging procedure within the hybrid mixture theory. The Drucker-Prager yield surface is used to limit the modified effective stress where the model follows small strain, quasi-static loading conditions. Temperature dependency of the surface tension is implemented in the soil-water retention curve. Nonuniform rational B-splines (NURBS) basis functions are used in the standard Galerkin method and weak formulations of the balance equations. Displacement, capillary pressure, gas pressure, and temperature are four independent quantities that are approximated by NURBS in spatial discretization. The framework is used to simulate strain localization in an undrained dense sand subjected to plane strain biaxial compression under different temperatures and displacement velocities. Results show that an increase in the displacement rate leads to reduction in the equivalent plastic strain while an increase in the temperature leads to an increase in the equivalent plastic strain. The findings suggest that the proposed IGA-based framework offers a viable alternative for solving THM problems in unsaturated soils.  相似文献   

多功能水合物沉积物三轴试验系统的研制与应用     

周家作  韦昌富  魏厚振  杨周洁  李力昕  李彦龙  丁根荣 《岩土力学》2020,41(1):342-352

研制了新型多功能水合物沉积物三轴试验系统，系统由供-排气模块、应力加载模块、温控模块、数据采集模块和辅助模块组成。利用泵驱动高压液体施加围压和轴压，加载方式有恒压、恒流、梯度增压、跟踪气压模式，可以实现不同条件下的水合物合成、三轴剪切。围压跟踪气压的功能使水合物生成过程中净围压不变，保证了试样初始条件一致性。根据围压液体积变化测量试样体积变形，通过设置回压泵压力变化方式控制水合物气压，可以模拟不同降压速率条件下的水合物沉积物分解变形。以泥质粉细砂和二氧化碳为材料制作了三轴试样，进行了水合物合成、三轴剪切和降压分解试验，检验了仪器的可靠性。  相似文献   

基于KiK-net数据的偏振分析方法计算震中方位角影响因素分析     

范涛  李山有  陈志高  宋晋东  卢建旗 《大地测量与地球动力学》2019,39(2):215-220

基于日本KiK-net强震动观测记录，以提高计算震中方位角的准确性为目标，研究记录参量（加速度、速度、位移）、计算时间窗和滤波频带对偏振分析方法计算震中方位角结果的影响。结果表明，在该研究的地震数据条件下，采用位移记录、计算时间窗为1 s、滤波频带取0.1~20 Hz时，可以获得最佳的震中方位角计算结果，震中方位角的计算偏差为45°时所占比例为88%。  相似文献